Causes of acute renal failure: an etiological perspective study

Objective: To look into the causes of acute renal failure in this area so that preventive strategy can be designed

Study Design: Observational study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Medical Outdoors, District Teaching Hospitals, Ghazi Khan Medical College, DG Khan and Khairpur Medical College, Khairpur Mir's from June 2013 to May 2014

Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients of acute renal failure were included in the study

Results: There were 64 [64%] males and 36 [36%] females with ratio of 1.7:1. 60% patients in the younger age group and age range was 10-70 years. Nausea and vomiting were commonest symptoms in 92% of the patients while 88% patients were oliguric. All patients had tachycardia while 38% had volume over load. Blood urea was more than 100 mg/100 ml in 92% of patients. ARF because of pure medical reasons were seen in 48% of patients while surgical and pregnancy related problems were found in 26% each

Conclusion: Early referral, identification and treatment of pre-renal factor, good perinatal care and cautious therapeutic decisions can substantially bring down the incidence of acute renal failure

Overt thyroid dysfunction during treatment of hepatitis c patients with interferon and ribavirin

Objective: To find out the thyroid dysfunctions during treatment hepatitis C patients with Interferon and Ribavirin

Study Design: Observational / descriptive study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the Teaching Hospital, Ghazi Khan Medical College, DG Khan from April 2015 to January 2016

Patients and Methods: Fifty patients of chronic HCV were enrolled

Results: Out of 50 treated patients 35 were female and 15 were male. Fifteen [15%] patients developed thyroid dysfunction and out of these 15 patients [11 female [73.3%] and 4 male [26.7%]].Ten [66.6%] out of 15 patients developed hypothyroidism and 5[33.3%] out of 15 patients developed hyperthyroidism. Seven [70%] out of 10 patients who developed hypothyroidism needed levothyroxine therapy. Two [40%] out of 5 patients who developed hyperthyroidism needed carbimazol therapy for their symptoms and disease control. All patients completed hepatitis C treatment with combined Peg-Interferon Alpha-2a and Ribavirin therapy

Conclusion: The involvement between thyroid dysfunction in hepatitis C individuals and management with IFN- alphaandRIBA